Construction And Working Of Bio-gas Plant

Construction And Working Of Bio-gas Plant

Bio-gas is the mixture of gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen, usually consisting of certain quantities of methane and other constituents. Bio-gas can be produced from raw materials such as agricultural waste, manure, municipal waste, plant material, sewage, green waste or food waste. Bio-gas is a renewable energy source. In Nepal it is commonly known as "Gobar gas".

Gobar gas plant with all it's parts

                                   Working of bio-gas plant :

One part of cow dung or waste is taken and three parts of water is mixed together in mixing tank. They are mixed very well and slurry of this mixture is fed into the mouth of inlet chamber finally to the digester. Digester is a closed chamber which has no oxygen and hence inside the digester anaerobic oxidation takes place. The anaerobic microorganisms are present in the cow dung. So, when these mixture of cow dung and water known as slurry moves into the digester where the microorganisms get activated and they get an environment of non oxygen. Thus activated microorganisms start decomposing organic matter into simpler substances. This takes time of about some days and after some days gases like Carbon dioxide, Methane, Hydrogen and Hydrogen sulfide get released.

Then, after some days it becomes a continuous process. So, this mixture of all the gases is known as bio-gas which composes of about 75% Methane and hence it acts as an excellent fuel. These gases from digester move to the gas tank through gas valve and with the help of pipelines it is supplied to the kitchens.

The slurry which remains after decomposition is very rich in Nitrogen and Phosphorus. So, the final slurry is taken out and used in the farm as manure. We can obtain bio-gas as well as manure at the same time. Hence, it is a cheap, easy and pollution-free source of energy. Government also provides subsidies for making bio-gas plant at home.

For more clear understanding you can also watch a video linked below:

   

                 This is all about construction and working of bio-gas plant.